The District Administration, under the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) programme, organised an awareness programme on adolescent girls’ health, themed “Strength in Challenges: Teen Pregnancy Awareness” on 19th October at Tiyi Hall, Wokha, with Dr. Niya Kath, Dermatologist, Dr. Motsuo Memorial District Hospital, as the resource person.
Dr Kath highlighted the critical issue of teenage pregnancy, defining it as pregnancy occurring in females aged 13 to 19 years, also referred to as adolescent pregnancy. She emphasised that adolescence is a pivotal stage where individuals begin developing personality traits and navigating identity crises, necessitating support from family, friends, and healthcare professionals.
According to national statistics, the prevalence of teenage pregnancy in India stands at approximately 6.8% between 2019 and 2021, with the highest rates reported in Tripura, West Bengal, Bihar, and Assam, often attributed to early marriages in these states.
The medical implications of teenage pregnancy are severe, she said, adding that pregnant teenagers often do not receive adequate prenatal care, typically seeking help only in the third trimester. This lack of care can result in premature births and low birth weight. She warned that teenage pregnancies can lead to increased risks of maternal complications, including heightened maternal mortality rates, which are four times higher among younger mothers.
She further explained that the underdeveloped bodies of teenage mothers pose significant risks, including pregnancy-induced hypertension and difficulties in breastfeeding. She underscored the importance of addressing the issue at home, urging parents to monitor their children’s social media consumption and engage in meaningful conversations.
To combat the rising rates of teenage pregnancy, Dr. Kath advocated for comprehensive, age-appropriate sex education, emphasising the need for adolescents to learn life skills that promote responsible behaviour. She encouraged young people to protect themselves from risky sexual behaviour and to focus on their studies and personal development. She also stressed the crucial role of adolescent boys in preventing teenage pregnancy, stating that they should be educated about responsible decision-making and the importance of consent. She called for community-based programmes aimed at engaging boys in discussions around sexual health. For further support, Dr. Kath mentioned the availability of adolescent reproductive and sexual health clinics, alongside a 24/7 mental health helpline at 14416, providing accessible care and counselling.
In conclusion, Dr. Kath reaffirmed that addressing teenage pregnancy requires a collective effort from families, educators, community organisations, and healthcare professionals, all working together to guide adolescents toward becoming responsible and mature citizens.
Keynote Speaker Vineet Kumar, IAS, Deputy Commissioner Wokha in his keynote address at the “Strength in Challenges: Teen Pregnancy Awareness” emphasized that educating girls is vital for breaking the cycle of early pregnancy and ensuring they have the knowledge and resources to make informed choices. He highlighted the importance of understanding reproductive health, encouraging open discussions about puberty, menstrual health, and safe practices and called for greater community involvement in supporting adolescent girls, urging parents and guardians to foster an environment where young women feel safe to seek guidance.
Mhonchumi Humtsoe, Advisor Lotha Eloe Hoho, addressed the gatherings by extending warm greetings from the organisation. She emphasised the importance of understanding what is beneficial for our health and what is harmful. Unfortunately, during this critical period of adolescence, many young people turn to substance abuse. She highlighted that one in seven adolescents globally suffers from mental disorders, with high rates of depression and anxiety particularly affecting adolescent girls. Turning to the issue of teenage pregnancy, Humtsoe explained that this term refers to pregnancies occurring in girls under the age of 20. Complications arising from pregnancy are a leading cause of death worldwide in this demographic, largely because young girls often lack the knowledge necessary to take care of their health.
Humstoe highlighted that teenage pregnancy is caused by various factors, including a lack of education, which leaves many unaware of the potential health risks they face. Some girls drop out of school, further limiting their access to vital information. Additionally, a lack of access to contraceptives, combined with societal stigma surrounding their use, significantly contributes to the prevalence of teenage pregnancy, she added.
She also highlighted the tragic impact of sexual abuse, where young girls may be victimised by older males. Other contributing factors include family instability, emotional deprivation, peer pressure, and substance abuse, particularly alcohol and drugs. She cited recent cases in the community where individuals under the influence of substances were unable to make informed decisions, leading to serious consequences.
Furthermore, Humstoe pointed out that there is a concerning lack of information regarding sexual and reproductive health and rights, which is crucial for young people’s well-being. Community and social pressures to marry at a young age also exacerbate these challenges. She concluded by stressing the need for increased awareness and collective efforts to support the health and well-being of adolescents.
James Ezung, District Welfare Officer Wokha, in his short speech highlighted the pressing issue of teen pregnancy. He emphasised that this is very important program in raising Awareness about teen pregnancy which not only impacts young individuals but also their families and communities, making it essential to understand the challenges associated with it.
He stressed the necessity of education, support, and open discussions within families, schools, and religious institutions to address this issue effectively.
“Adolescence is a vulnerable stage in life, marked by growth and self-discovery,” he explained. “However, when pregnancy occurs, it can disrupt this crucial period, posing challenges for young parents in terms of education, emotional health, and financial stability.”
Ezung emphasised the importance of prevention, which involves not only providing accurate information about reproductive health but also offering emotional and social support. He stated that this programme aims to promote responsible decision-making and empower young people with the knowledge needed to reduce the stigma surrounding these discussions.
He pointed out that the stigma attached to unwanted pregnancies often goes unaddressed, much like issues surrounding drug addiction and HIV/AIDS. Ezung called for open discussions at home and in educational and religious settings, allowing teens to make informed choices about their bodies and futures.
Ezung further articulated that the community must work together to support young parents and ensure they have access to necessary healthcare, education, and resources. He then urged young people to focus on their dreams and futures while recognising that unexpected challenges, such as teen pregnancy, can complicate their paths. He encouraged them to communicate openly with trusted adults, including parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals, to seek guidance and support.
As he concluded, Ezung offered an advice: “Remember the importance of saying ‘no.’ This word can shape your future and help you make responsible choices.”
